NR 665.0091(3)(3) All monitoring wells shall be cased in a manner that maintains the integrity of the monitoring well bore hole. This casing shall be screened or perforated, and packed with gravel or sand where necessary, to enable sample collection at depths where appropriate aquifer flow zones exist. The annular space (i.e., the space between the bore hole and well casing) above the sampling depth shall be sealed with a suitable material (e.g., cement grout or bentonite slurry) to prevent contamination of samples and the groundwater. NR 665.0091 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06. NR 665.0092(1)(1) The owner or operator shall obtain and analyze samples from the installed groundwater monitoring system. The owner or operator shall develop and follow a groundwater sampling and analysis plan. Chemical and physical samples shall be analyzed by a laboratory certified or registered under ch. NR 149, except for field analyses for pH, specific conductance and temperature. The owner or operator shall keep this plan at the facility. The plan shall include procedures and techniques for all of the following: NR 665.0092 NoteNote: See “Procedures Manual For Ground-water Monitoring At Solid Waste Disposal Facilities,” EPA-530/SW-611, and “Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes,” EPA-600/4-79-020, for discussions of sampling and analysis procedures.
NR 665.0092(2)(2) The owner or operator shall determine the concentration or value of all of the following parameters in groundwater samples in accordance with subs. (3) and (4): NR 665.0092(2)(b)(b) All of the following parameters establishing groundwater quality: NR 665.0092 NoteNote: These parameters are to be used as a basis for comparison in the event a groundwater quality assessment is required under s. NR 665.0093(4). NR 665.0092(2)(c)(c) All of the following parameters used as indicators of groundwater contamination: NR 665.0092(3)(a)(a) For all monitoring wells, the owner or operator shall establish initial background concentrations or values of all parameters specified in sub. (2). The owner or operator shall do this quarterly for one year. NR 665.0092(3)(b)(b) For each of the indicator parameters specified in sub. (2) (c), at least 4 replicate measurements shall be obtained for each sample and the initial background arithmetic mean and variance shall be determined by pooling the replicate measurements for the respective parameter concentrations or values in samples obtained from upgradient wells during the first year. NR 665.0092(4)(4) After the first year, all monitoring wells shall be sampled and the samples analyzed with the following frequencies: NR 665.0092(4)(a)(a) Samples collected to establish groundwater quality shall be obtained and analyzed for the parameters specified in sub. (2) (b) at least annually. NR 665.0092(4)(b)(b) Samples collected to indicate groundwater contamination shall be obtained and analyzed for the parameters specified in sub. (2) (c) at least semi-annually. NR 665.0092(5)(5) Elevation of the groundwater surface at each monitoring well shall be determined each time a sample is obtained. NR 665.0092 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06; correction in (2) (a) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register March 2013 No. 687. NR 665.0093NR 665.0093 Preparation, evaluation and response. NR 665.0093(1)(1) By August 1, 1982, the owner or operator shall prepare an outline of a groundwater quality assessment program. The outline shall describe a more comprehensive groundwater monitoring program (than that described in ss. NR 665.0091 and 665.0092) capable of determining all of the following: NR 665.0093(1)(a)(a) Whether hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents have entered the groundwater. NR 665.0093(1)(b)(b) The rate and extent of migration of hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents in the groundwater. NR 665.0093(1)(c)(c) The concentrations of hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents in the groundwater. NR 665.0093(2)(2) For each indicator parameter specified in s. NR 665.0092 (2) (c), the owner or operator shall calculate the arithmetic mean and variance, based on at least 4 replicate measurements on each sample, for each well monitored in accordance with s. NR 665.0092 (4) (b), and compare these results with its initial background arithmetic mean. The comparison shall consider individually each of the wells in the monitoring system, and shall use the Student’s t-test at the 0.01 level of significance (see ch. NR 665 Appendix IV) to determine statistically significant increases (and decreases, in the case of pH) over initial background. NR 665.0093(3)(a)(a) If the comparisons for the upgradient wells made under sub. (2) show a significant increase (or pH decrease), the owner or operator shall submit this information in accordance with s. NR 665.0094 (1) (b) 2. NR 665.0093(3)(b)(b) If the comparisons for downgradient wells made under sub. (2) show a significant increase (or pH decrease), the owner or operator shall then immediately obtain additional groundwater samples from those downgradient wells where a significant difference was detected, split the samples in 2 and obtain analyses of all additional samples to determine whether the significant difference was a result of laboratory error. NR 665.0093(4)(a)(a) If the analyses performed under sub. (3) (b) confirm the significant increase (or pH decrease), the owner or operator shall provide written notice to the department—within 7 days of the date of the confirmation—that the facility may be affecting groundwater quality. NR 665.0093(4)(b)(b) Within 15 days after the notification under par. (a), the owner or operator shall develop and submit to the department a specific plan, based on the outline required under sub. (1) and certified by a qualified geologist or geotechnical engineer, for a groundwater quality assessment program at the facility. This plan shall be placed in the facility’s operating record and be maintained until closure of the facility. NR 665.0093(4)(c)2.2. Sampling and analytical methods for those hazardous wastes or hazardous waste constituents in the facility. NR 665.0093(4)(c)3.3. Evaluation procedures, including any use of previously-gathered groundwater quality information. NR 665.0093(4)(d)(d) The owner or operator shall implement the groundwater quality assessment plan which satisfies the requirements of par. (c), and, at a minimum, determine all of the following: NR 665.0093(4)(d)1.1. The rate and extent of migration of the hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents in the groundwater. NR 665.0093(4)(d)2.2. The concentrations of the hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents in the groundwater. NR 665.0093(4)(e)(e) The owner or operator shall make the first determination under par. (d) as soon as technically feasible, and, within 15 days after that determination, submit to the department a written report containing an assessment of the groundwater quality. This report shall be placed in the facility’s operating record and be maintained until closure of the facility. NR 665.0093(4)(f)(f) If the owner or operator determines, based on the results of the first determination under par. (d), that no hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents from the facility have entered the groundwater, then the owner or operator may reinstate the indicator evaluation program described in s. NR 665.0092 and sub. (2). If the owner or operator reinstates the indicator evaluation program, the owner or operator shall so notify the department in the report submitted under par. (e). NR 665.0093(4)(g)(g) If the owner or operator determines, based on the first determination under par. (d), that hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents from the facility have entered the groundwater, then the owner or operator: NR 665.0093(4)(g)1.1. Shall continue to make the determinations required under par. (d) on a quarterly basis until final closure of the facility, if the groundwater quality assessment plan was implemented prior to final closure of the facility. NR 665.0093(4)(g)2.2. May cease to make the determinations required under par. (d), if the groundwater quality assessment plan was implemented during the long-term care period. NR 665.0093(5)(5) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, any groundwater quality assessment to satisfy the requirements of sub. (4) (d) which is initiated prior to final closure of the facility shall be completed and reported in accordance with sub. (4) (e). NR 665.0093(6)(6) Unless the groundwater is monitored to satisfy the requirements of sub. (4) (d), at least annually the owner or operator shall evaluate the data on groundwater surface elevations obtained under s. NR 665.0092 (5) to determine whether the requirements under s. NR 665.0091 (1) for locating the monitoring wells continues to be satisfied. If the evaluation shows that s. NR 665.0091 (1) is no longer satisfied, the owner or operator shall immediately modify the number, location or depth of the monitoring wells to bring the groundwater monitoring system into compliance with s. NR 665.0091 (1). NR 665.0093 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06; correction in (2) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register March 2013 No. 687; CR 16-007: am. (4) (b), (e) Register July 2017 No. 739, eff. 8-1-17. NR 665.0094(1)(a)(a) Keep records of the analyses required in s. NR 665.0092 (3) and (4), the associated groundwater surface elevations required in s. NR 665.0092 (5) and the evaluations required in s. NR 665.0093 (2) throughout the active life of the facility, and, for disposal facilities, throughout the long-term care period as well. NR 665.0094(1)(b)(b) Report all of the following groundwater monitoring information to the department: NR 665.0094(1)(b)1.1. During the first year when initial background concentrations are being established for the facility: Concentrations or values of the parameters listed in s. NR 665.0092 (2) (a) for each groundwater monitoring well within 15 days after completing each quarterly analysis. The owner or operator shall separately identify for each monitoring well any parameters whose concentration or value has been found to exceed the maximum contaminant levels listed in ch. NR 665 Appendix III. NR 665.0094(1)(b)2.2. Annually: Concentrations or values of the parameters listed in s. NR 665.0092 (2) (c) for each groundwater monitoring well, along with the required evaluations for these parameters under s. NR 665.0093 (2). The owner or operator shall separately identify any significant differences from initial background found in the upgradient wells, in accordance with s. NR 665.0093 (3) (a). During the active life of the facility, this information shall be submitted no later than March 1 following each calendar year. NR 665.0094(1)(b)3.3. No later than March 1 following each calendar year: Results of the evaluations of groundwater surface elevations under s. NR 665.0093 (6), and a description of the response to that evaluation, where applicable. NR 665.0094(2)(a)(a) Keep records of the analyses and evaluations specified in the plan, which satisfies the requirements of s. NR 665.0093 (4) (c), throughout the active life of the facility, and, for disposal facilities, throughout the long-term care period as well. NR 665.0094(2)(b)(b) Annually, until final closure of the facility, submit to the department a report containing the results of the groundwater quality assessment program which includes, but is not limited to, the calculated (or measured) rate of migration of hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents in the groundwater during the reporting period. This information shall be submitted no later than March 1 following each calendar year. NR 665.0094 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06; correction in (1) (b) 1. made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register March 2013 No. 687. NR 665.0110(2)(b)(b) Waste piles and surface impoundments for which the owner or operator intends to remove the wastes at closure to the extent that these sections are made applicable to the facilities in s. NR 665.0228 or 665.0258. NR 665.0110(4)(4) The department may replace all or part of the requirements of this subchapter (and the unit-specific standards in s. NR 665.0111 (3)) applying to a regulated unit (as defined in s. NR 664.0090), with alternative requirements for closure set out in an approved closure or long-term care plan, or in an enforceable document (as defined in s. NR 670.001 (3) (g)), where the department determines both of the following conditions are met: NR 665.0110(4)(a)(a) A regulated unit is situated among solid waste management units (or areas of concern), a release has occurred and both the regulated unit and one or more solid waste management units (or areas of concern) are likely to have contributed to the release. NR 665.0110(4)(b)(b) It is not necessary to apply the closure requirements of this subchapter (or those referenced in this subchapter) because the alternative requirements will protect human health and the environment, and will satisfy the closure performance standard of s. NR 665.0111 (1) and (2). NR 665.0110 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06. NR 665.0111NR 665.0111 Closure performance standard. The owner or operator shall close the facility in a manner that does all of the following: NR 665.0111(2)(2) Controls, minimizes or eliminates, to the extent necessary to protect human health and the environment, post-closure escape of hazardous waste, hazardous constituents, leachate, contaminated run-off or hazardous waste decomposition products to the ground or surface waters or to the atmosphere. NR 665.0111(4)(4) Meets, in the case of a landfill or surface impoundment, applicable requirements in ch. NR 140 and applicable soil cleanup standards in ch. NR 720 or meets the applicable closure requirements of sub. (2) or (3), whichever are more stringent.
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Chs. NR 600-699; Environmental Protection – Hazardous Waste Management
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